自1981年上海报告了我国首例由肠道病毒71型(human enterovirus 71,EV71)引起的手足口病(hand-foot-and-mouth disease,HFMD)以来,该病在我国各地陆续散发和暴发。2008年3月,安徽阜阳暴发了主要由EV71引起的HFMD疫情,导致22例患者死亡和3 023例患者入院[1]。同年5月,我国卫生部将其纳入法定报告管理的丙类传染病。此后,HFMD疫情在我国呈上升趋势,成为 Since 1981, Shanghai reported the first case of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) caused by human enterovirus 71 (EV71) in China, the disease spread and broke out in various parts of China . In March 2008, an epidemic of HFMD, mainly caused by EV71, was reported in Fuyang, Anhui province, resulting in 22 deaths and 3,023 admission to hospital [1]. In May of the same year, the Ministry of Health of our country included it in category C infectious diseases managed by statutory reports. Since then, the epidemic of HFMD has been on the rise in our country and has become