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利用地震数值模拟技术结合实际资料,可以建立各种地质体的地震识别模型,有效地避免地震现象的多解性,从而可以提高解释的精度。本文介绍了二维地质建模的方法流程及两种模拟方法-褶积法和PSPI波动方程法,前者无边界条件约束和频率域中的信号损失,简洁易行,计算稳定,应用广泛,是最早的地震波场模拟方法;后者通过求解波动方程,包含丰富的波场信息,能够充分反映地震波的动力学和运动学特征。实际应用中利用褶积法对三维潮道模型及简化的碳酸盐岩多旋回倾斜薄互层沉积模型进行了模拟;利用零炮检距的频率波数域的波动方程法模拟了生物礁的地震响应,结果对于碳酸盐岩生物礁识别有一定指导意义。
Using seismic numerical simulation technology combined with actual data, the seismic identification model of various geological bodies can be established to effectively avoid the multiplicity of seismic phenomena and improve the accuracy of interpretation. This paper introduces the method flow of two-dimensional geological modeling and two simulation methods-convolution method and PSPI wave equation method. The former has no boundary condition constraints and signal loss in the frequency domain, which is simple and easy to use, stable in calculation and widely used. The earliest seismic wavefield simulation method; the latter by solving the wave equation, contains a wealth of wave field information, can fully reflect the seismic dynamics and kinematics characteristics. In practice, the convolution model is used to simulate the 3D tidal channel model and the simplified multi-cycle sedimentary model of thin-bedded carbonate rocks. By using the wave equation of zero frequency offset field, the seismicity of reefs is simulated Response, the results for the identification of carbonate rock reef has some guidance.