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以BFT(baffled flask test)法测定原油分散率为指标,评价了一种低温型海面溢油分散剂对命名为SZ36-1、QHD32-6和BX的3种重质原油的乳化分散作用,并分别考察了温度、剂油比、盐度、p H等因子对该分散剂乳化分散作用的影响。结果表明,该分散剂在0~15℃温度范围内,对QHD32-6重质原油可保持较高的分散活性,分散率高达50%以上。0℃时,该分散剂的适宜使用条件为剂油比为1∶5~1∶10、p H为7.8~9.0、盐度为11.0~33.0;15℃时,该分散剂的适宜使用条件为剂油比为1∶5~1∶25、p H为6.0~9.0、盐度为11.0~33.0。该分散剂对QHD32-6和BX原油也具有较好的分散作用,但对含有高胶质的SZ36-1原油分散活性却较低,表明该分散剂对原油的分散活性与油品组成密切相关。
Using BFT (baffled flask test) method to measure the crude oil dispersion rate as an indicator, the emulsifying and dispersing effects of a low-temperature sea surface oil spill dispersant on three kinds of heavy crude oil named SZ36-1, QHD32-6 and BX were evaluated. Effects of temperature, oil-to-oil ratio, salinity and p H on the emulsification and dispersion of the dispersant were investigated. The results show that the dispersant can maintain high dispersibility to QHD32-6 heavy crude oil at the temperature range of 0 ~ 15 ℃ with the dispersion rate as high as 50%. 0 ° C, the appropriate conditions for the use of the dispersant agent to oil ratio of 1: 5 to 1:10, p H of 7.8 to 9.0, the salinity of 11.0 to 33.0; 15 ° C, the appropriate conditions for the use of dispersants The oil-to-oil ratio is 1: 5 to 1:25, p H is 6.0 to 9.0, and salinity is 11.0 to 33.0. The dispersant has good dispersing effect on QHD32-6 and BX crude oil, but has a low dispersing activity on crude oil containing high gums SZ36-1, indicating that the dispersant’s dispersing activity on crude oil is closely related to oil composition .