分析CA-3自动车钩钩体的运用损坏及其零件应力状态表明,钩体故障的主要型式是脆性破坏和疲劳破坏(包括低周疲劳破坏),以及说明钩体强度不足的钩尾弯曲。按照苏联《交通部1520毫米轨距铁路新制和改造车辆的机械部分强度计算和设计标准》规定,在纵向中心线偏移50毫米情况下由于250吨纵向力的作用,钩体内的应力不应超过钢的屈服极限。但是应变测定和计算结果表明,甚至在100吨力的 Analysis of CA-3 auto coupler hook damage and its component stress states indicate that the main types of hook coupler failure are brittle failure and fatigue failure (including low cycle fatigue failure), as well as the hook-tail curve indicating insufficient strength of the hook body. According to the Soviet “Ministry of Communications 1520 mm gauge railway new and modified vehicle mechanical strength calculation and design standards” provides that the longitudinal centerline offset by 50 mm due to 250 tons of longitudinal force, the hook body stress should not exceed Steel yield limit. However, strain measurements and calculations show that even at 100 tonne force