(续2002年第5期)二、特异性致敏物的检测特异性检测的目的是明确患者的致敏物,以便进行特异性治疗。这也有体内和体外两种方法。(一)体内法。体内法就是直接在患者身上作试验。这类试验可以一直追溯到1875年以前。最早的试验方法是让患者直接暴露于可疑的致敏物或致敏环境,来观察其反应。例如 Bostock 和 Wyman 测试花粉症患者致敏花粉的办法是让患者直接吸人可疑的草类或豚草花粉.以观察其反应。1875年,Blackley 用花粉在自己的前臂皮肤上进行试验,引起了皮肤的瘙痒和 (Continued 2002 No. 5) Second, the detection of specific allergens The purpose of specific tests is to identify the patient’s sensitization, in order to carry out specific treatment. There are also two methods in vivo and in vitro. (A) in vivo method. In vivo method is to test the patient directly. Such tests can be traced back to 1875. The earliest test method is to allow patients to be directly exposed to suspicious allergens or sensitization to observe the reaction. For example, Bostock and Wyman test hay fever patients sensitized pollen by allowing patients to directly inhale suspicious grass or ragweed pollen to observe the reaction. In 1875, Blackley tested pollen on his forearm skin, causing itchy skin and