清末中朝宗藩关系呈现出五大特点:传统性、近代性、加强性、模糊性和弱效性。从固守历史上形成的宗藩关系到随着西方东来,面对东西人列强的强大攻势,其政策又体现了世界近代资本主义产生以来所出现的新型的主权国家之间关系的制度、原则、方式,由过去的不干涉,变为渐趋严密的掌控,但始终呈现出模糊性和弱效性。 The relationship between the clan and the feudal clan in the late Qing Dynasty showed five major characteristics: traditionality, modernity, strengthening, vagueness and weakness. From the clinging of the suzerainty and vassal relations formed in history to the powerful offensive of east and west powers along with the east and west of the west, its policies reflect the system and principle of the new type of sovereign states emerging since the emergence of modern capitalism in the world , The way from the past non-intervention into a more tightly controlled, but always showing the ambiguity and weakness.