海洋沉积物中栖息着数量众多、种类繁杂、分布广泛的细菌.它们将江河带来的丰富有机质及海洋中的浮游生物等遗体分解,又以无机盐的形式回到水中,给上层水体以显著的影响;也对沉积物的形式和性质起着重大作用.细菌的新陈代谢及其产物,不断地改变着沉积环境的物理、化学因素;沉积物的来源、性质以及物理、化学的因素也影响着细菌的种类组成和数量分布.细菌作为底栖动物直接或间接的饵料,在食物链中是重要的一 A large number of diverse and widely distributed bacteria are found in marine sediments, decomposing the rich organic matter and the plankton in the oceans by rivers, returning them to the water in the form of inorganic salts, But also on the form and nature of the sediments.The metabolism and its products of bacteria constantly change the physical and chemical factors of the sedimentary environment. The origin, nature and physical and chemical factors of the sediments also affect the Bacterial species composition and quantity distribution Bacteria, as a direct or indirect bait for zoobenthos, are important in the food chain