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目的:以最优氮、磷、钾施肥量为基础,进一步研究不同配比的锌、硼、钼肥对泽泻块茎产量的影响,旨在探索最优的锌、硼、钼微肥施用量,为泽泻生产提供理论基础。方法:采用四因素五水平二次正交旋转组合设计,建立施肥与泽泻产量的函数模型。结果:肥料增产效果依次为氮、磷、钾肥>硼肥>锌肥>钼肥。通过模型模拟优化,得到泽泻目标产量大于6 750 kg/hm~2的最优施肥量:锌肥12.548~17.453 kg/hm~2、硼肥21.850~25.650 kg/hm~2、钼肥0.375~0.675 kg/hm~2、氮肥315.611~370.500 kg/hm~2、磷肥169.944~199.500 kg/hm~2、钾肥206.361~242.250 kg/hm~2。结论:锌、硼、钼对泽泻的生长起到促进作用,同时还可以促进对氮、磷、钾营养元素的吸收。在施用氮、磷、钾肥的基础上,适当施用锌、硼、钼肥可促进泽泻产量增加,其中施用硼肥对泽泻的产量影响最为显著,锌、钼肥次之。
OBJECTIVE: To further study the effects of zinc, boron and molybdenum fertilizers on the tuber yield of Alisma orientale on the basis of the optimum nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and to explore the optimal application rates of zinc, boron and molybdenum , To provide a theoretical basis for the production of Alisma. Methods: The quadratic orthogonal rotation design of four factors and five levels was used to establish the function model of fertilization and Alisma orientale. Results: The yield increasing effect of fertilizer was nitrogen, phosphorus and potash fertilizer> boron fertilizer> zinc fertilizer> molybdenum fertilizer. Through the model optimization, the optimum fertilization rate of Alisma orientalis with the target yield of more than 6 750 kg / hm ~ 2 was obtained: zinc fertilizer 12.548-17.453 kg / hm -2, boron fertilizer 21.850-25.650 kg / hm -2, molybdenum fertilizer 0.375 ~ 0.675 kg / hm ~ 2, 315.611 ~ 370.500 kg / hm ~ 2 for nitrogen fertilizer, 169.944 ~ 199.500 kg / hm ~ 2 for phosphate fertilizer and 206.361 ~ 242.250 kg / hm ~ 2 for potassium fertilizer. Conclusion: Zinc, boron and molybdenum can promote the growth of Alisma orientale, but also promote the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients. Based on the application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, proper application of zinc, boron and molybdenum fertilizer can promote the increase of the yield of the Alisma orientalis. The application of boron fertilizer has the most significant effect on the yield of Alisma orientale, followed by the zinc and molybdenum fertilizer.