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目的分析深圳市2008-2012年水痘流行特征和规律,为制定疫情控制措施提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对深圳市2008-2012年水痘疫情数据进行流行病学分析。结果深圳市2008-2012年共报告水痘病例21 353例,无死亡病例,年平均发病率为32.62/10万,水痘的发病高峰期集中在4-6月份、12月至次年1月份;中学生占38.47%,散居儿童占22.90%,幼托儿童占17.07%。15岁以下病例占76.73%。暴发疫情共192起,其中191起发生在托幼机构和学校。结论深圳市水痘疫情主要集中在春冬季节,发病年龄以15岁以下儿童为主,暴发场所以托幼机构和学校为主。加强易感人群监测和儿童常规免疫接种、对易感人群应急接种,是控制水痘疫情的重要措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and rules of chickenpox in Shenzhen from 2008 to 2012 and provide the basis for making epidemic control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of varicella in Shenzhen City from 2008 to 2012. Results A total of 21 353 chickenpox cases were reported in Shenzhen from 2008 to 2012, with no deaths. The annual average incidence rate was 32.62 / 100 000. The peak incidence of chickenpox was concentrated in April-June and December-January of the following year. Middle school students Accounting for 38.47%, scattered children accounted for 22.90%, childcare children accounted for 17.07%. Cases under the age of 15 accounted for 76.73%. A total of 192 outbreaks occurred, of which 191 occurred in kindergartens and schools. Conclusions The epidemic situation of chickenpox in Shenzhen is mainly concentrated in the spring and winter seasons. The onset age is dominated by children under 15 years of age. The outbreak places are dominated by kindergartens and schools. To strengthen the monitoring of susceptible populations and routine immunization of children, the emergency vaccination of susceptible populations is an important measure to control the epidemic of chickenpox.