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目的从扩大免疫规划(Expanded Program on Immunization,EPI)专家认知,来探讨灭活脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)病毒疫苗(Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine,IPV)在中国应用的相关问题,为制定脊灰疫苗免疫策略提供参考。方法以人口数多和疫苗需求量大为原则,在全国范围内选取7个省(自治区),对30名EPI专家进行开放式问卷调查。结果50%的调查对象希望在2015年国家能将IPV纳入EPI,与世界卫生组织提出的《2013~2018年消灭脊灰终结战略计划》时间进度表同步,专家们一致认同在保证疫苗质量的前提下,应尽可能地降低疫苗成本,IPV可接受价格中位数为20元/剂(范围5~50元/剂)。实现IPV国产化势在必行,卫生行政等政府部门应尽快明确中国脊灰疫苗免疫策略和使用时间进度表,疾病预防控制中心依据卫生行政部门制定的免疫策略提供技术指导和支持,疫苗生产企业应加快IPV的研发、生产和上市。结论 EPI专家一致赞同随着全球消灭脊灰的进程,中国逐步引入IPV是大势所趋。
OBJECTIVE: To explore the application of Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine (IPV) in China based on the knowledge of Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) Strategy for reference. Methods Based on the principle of large population and large vaccine demand, seven provinces (autonomous regions) were selected nationwide to conduct an open questionnaire survey among 30 EPI experts. Results Fifty percent of the respondents hope that in 2015 countries will be able to incorporate IPV into the EPI and synchronize with the schedule of WHO’s “Strategic Plan for End Polio Eradication 2013-2018”, experts agree on the premise of ensuring vaccine quality , The vaccine cost should be reduced as much as possible. The median acceptable IPV price is 20 yuan / dose (range 5 to 50 yuan / dose). Realization of IPV localization is imperative. Government departments such as health administrations should clarify the polio immunization strategy and time schedule of use in China as soon as possible. CDC will provide technical guidance and support based on the immunization strategy formulated by the health administrative department. Vaccine manufacturers IPV should speed up R & D, production and marketing. Conclusion EPI Experts unanimously agree that with the global polio eradication process, China’s gradual introduction of IPV is the dominant trend.