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1 引言 从国际标准化组织核能委员会辐射防护分委员会(ISO/TC85/SC2)及其各工作组(WG)1993年度London会议的主要活动和最近所收到的各项标准草案可以看出,SC2的标准化工作自1990年以来有了较大的发展。特别是在参考辐射和剂量仪表的校准方面,可以说是跨入了一个新的阶段。本文将对SC2的一些主要标准化项目或活动进行较为深入的介绍和分析,同时根据作者近几年来参加SC2年会的体会谈几点建议,以促进我们的有关标准化工作与国际标准化活动更好的接轨和结合。2 SC2标准化工作的进展2.1 个人监测实用量和个人剂量计(仪)校准用体模的标准化 自1990年以来,SC2的WG2逐步完成了对参考辐射及其剂量测量标准的修订,并开始制定个人剂量计(仪)的校准及其能量响应和角响应侧定的方法标准。与此同时,WG7和WG12分别起草了“眼睛和肢体端部热释光剂量计”和“个人胶片剂量计”与“直读与非直读电容型袖珍剂量计”。制定这些标准的一个基础性的问题就是个人监测的实用量和校准用的体模。就已经发出的标准草案和1993年London会议了解的情况看,各工作组在起草的标准中规定的实用量和体模很不统一。就实用量来说,有的使用ICRU39报告中定义的H_p(10)和H
1 Introduction From the main activities of the 1993 Subcommittee on Radiation Protection of the International Nuclear Organization Nuclear Energy Commission (ISO / TC85 / SC2) and its working groups (WG) and the draft standards recently received, it can be seen that SC2 The standardization work has been greatly developed since 1990. In particular, the calibration of reference radiation and dose gauges can be said to have entered a new phase. This article will provide a more in-depth introduction and analysis of some of the major standardization projects or activities in SC2 and will build on the author’s participation in the SC2 Annual Conference in recent years to promote our work on standardization and international standardization activities Integration and integration. 2 PROGRESS IN SC2 STANDARDIZATION 2.1 STANDARDS FOR INDIVIDUAL MONITORING AND STANDARDIZATION OF DIGITAL DIGITAL CALIBRATION INSTRUMENTS Since 1990, WG2 of SC2 has gradually completed the revision of reference radiation and its dose measurement standards and has started to develop individual Dosimeter (instrument) calibration and its energy response and angular response to determine the method standard. In the meantime, WG7 and WG12 drafted Eye and Limb Thermoluminescence Dosimeters and Personal Film Dosimeters and Direct and Non-Direct Reading Capacitive Pocket Dosimeters, respectively. A fundamental issue in developing these standards is the amount of personal monitoring and the phantom used for calibration. In the light of the draft standards that have been issued and the situation known at the London Conference in 1993, the actual rates and phantoms prescribed by the working groups in the drafting criteria are not uniform. In practical terms, some use H_p (10) and H as defined in the ICRU39 report