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某型号铁路轴承试验机接连发生3根主轴断裂事故,为了分析主轴断裂原因,建立了主轴有限元分析模型,计算出了主轴静应力分布情况。在有限元静力学分析基础上,根据给定的载荷,用“轴不动、载荷旋转”来模拟实际的“轴旋转、载荷不变”情况,采用专业疲劳分析软件Fe-Safe计算了主轴的疲劳强度。计算结果表明,主轴疲劳强度安全系数小于1,存在发生断裂的可能性。对原主轴结构进行改进设计,按照同样的流程对新主轴进行有限元静力学分析和疲劳分析,计算所得疲劳强度安全系数为1.3,满足了疲劳强度要求。
In order to analyze the cause of spindle fracture, a spindle finite element model was established and the static stress distribution of the spindle was calculated. On the basis of the finite element static analysis, according to the given load, the actual “shaft rotation and load unchanged” are simulated with “axis fixed and load rotating ”, and the professional fatigue analysis software Fe-Safe The fatigue strength of the spindle was calculated. The calculation results show that the safety factor of the fatigue strength of the main shaft is less than 1, and the possibility of fracture occurs. According to the same process, the new spindle is subjected to the finite element static analysis and fatigue analysis. The calculated safety factor of fatigue strength is 1.3, which meets the fatigue strength requirements.