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【目的】了解河北省卢龙县轮状病毒(rotavious,RV)和诺如病毒(norovirus,NV)肠道感染临床特点及发生肠道外损害的状况,为临床治疗婴幼儿病毒性腹泻提供科学依据。【方法】应用聚丙酰胺凝胶电泳法(PAGE),酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测RV,用ELISA和逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法检测NV。对430例RV和NV感染患儿的进行临床实验室辅助检查。【结果】轮状病毒分型中G3为流行株,其次是G1型、G2型、G4型、G9型。诺如病毒遗传组,流行株为NLVGⅡ-4、NLVGⅡ-3和NLVGⅡ-7;两种病毒引发肠道感染临床表现对比:发热85%和64%(P>0.05),轻度脱水67%和84%(P>0.05),中度脱水26%和1.7%(P<0.05),重度脱水8.4%和1.6%(P<0.05),休克2.3%和0.8%(P>0.05)。两病毒肠道外损害结果对比:呼吸道28.8%和19.0%,心脏63.8%和57.0%,神经系统8.4%和6.6%,肝脏9.7%和3.3%,肾脏0.65%和0%,P值均>0.05。【结论】RV引起的婴幼儿腹泻脱水表现较NV感染重,而RV和NV感染致肠道外各器官系统的损害表现相似。
【Objective】 To understand the clinical characteristics of intestinal infection of rotavious and norovirus (NV) in Lulong county of Hebei province and to provide a scientific basis for clinical treatment of viral diarrhea in infants and young children . 【Methods】 RV was detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). NV was detected by ELISA and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Clinical laboratory tests were performed on 430 RV and NV-infected children. 【Results】 G3 was a popular strain in rotavirus typing, followed by G1, G2, G4 and G9. Norovirus group, the epidemic strains were NLVGⅡ-4, NLVGⅡ-3 and NLVGⅡ-7. The clinical manifestations of two kinds of virus-induced intestinal infections were compared: fever 85% and 64% (P> 0.05), moderate dehydration by 26% and 1.7% (P <0.05), severe dehydration by 8.4% and 1.6% (P <0.05) and shock by 2.3% and 0.8%, respectively. Pneumoconiosis results of two viruses were 28.8% and 19.0%, 63.8% and 57.0% in the heart, 8.4% and 6.6% in the nervous system, 9.7% and 3.3% in the liver, 0.65% and 0% in the kidney, respectively. 【Conclusion】 The RV-induced dehydration of infants with diarrhea is more severe than that of NV, while the damage of RV and NV by each organ system in the intestine is similar.