目的　研究胆碱对大鼠和家兔心脏M3 受体的激动作用及其引起的血流动力学改变。方法　经右颈总动脉插管入左心室 ,用八导生理记录仪测定大鼠和家兔血流动力学参数。结果　iv胆碱 10mg·kg-130s后 ,大鼠的心率 (HR)比基础值明显降低 ,10min后恢复。±dp/dtmax和LVSP于给药 10min后明显降低。上述抑制作用可被选择性M3 受体阻断剂 4 DAMP 0 12mg·kg-1所对抗。家兔iv胆碱 5mg·kg-1后 1min ,心率明显降低 ,此作用可被 4 DAMP所对抗。±dp/dt,LVSP亦有下降趋势 ,但无统计学差异。M3 受体阻断剂 4 DAMP对大鼠和家兔血流动力学无明显影响 ,但预先给药可阻断胆碱引起的血流动力学变化。结论　胆碱通过激动心脏M3 受体产生负性肌力和负性频率作用 Aim To investigate the agonism of cholinergic on M3 receptors in rat and rabbit heart and its hemodynamic changes. Methods The right common carotid artery was cannulated into the left ventricle, and the hemodynamics parameters of rats and rabbits were measured by using eight guided physiologic recorder. Results After choline 10 mg · kg-130s, the heart rate (HR) in rats was significantly lower than the baseline value and recovered after 10 minutes. ± dp / dtmax and LVSP significantly decreased after 10 min administration. The above inhibitory effect can be antagonized by the selective M3 receptor blocker 4 DAMP 0 12 mg · kg -1. Rabbits iv choline 5mg · kg-1 after 1min, heart rate was significantly reduced, this effect can be 4DAMP confrontation. ± dp / dt, LVSP also showed a downward trend, but no statistical difference. M3 receptor blocker 4 DAMP has no significant effect on the hemodynamics of rats and rabbits, but pretreatment can block cholinergic hemodynamic changes. Conclusions Choline exerts negative and negative effects on M3 receptor through cardiac activation