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流域土壤流失的泥沙颗粒及其分布与流域土壤有关,影响流域土地质量和输沙过程。以武水流域天然河道的53次降雨径流输沙过程实测资料为基础,运用R-R(Rosln-Rammler)粒径分布函数法分析了泥沙颗粒级配特性及其分形规律。结果表明,流域多年均悬移质泥沙颗粒组成为粘粒11%、粉粒51%、细砂粒32%和粗砂粒6%,以粉粒和细砂粒为主体,占83%。1981年以后,悬移质泥沙颗粒中粘粒和粉粒含量相对减少,悬移质泥沙颗粒呈变粗的趋势。悬移质泥沙颗粒组成具有分形特征,分形维数D与小于0.005 mm粉粒及粘粒含量呈较显著相关,与中值粒径相关性较差。流域推移质泥沙颗粒中值粒径平均为0.874 mm,推移质泥沙以砂、石砾为主。推移质泥沙颗粒组成具有分形特征,分形维数D与小于0.3 mm细砂及粉粒含量呈显著相关。流域泥沙级配及其变化,有利于分析泥沙来源,采取相应的治理措施,控制泥沙。
Sediment particles and their distribution of soil erosion in the basin are related to the soil in the basin, affecting the quality of the land and the sediment transport process. Based on the measured data of 53 runoffs and sediment transport processes of natural runoff in the Wushui River Basin, the grading characteristics and fractal rules of sediment particles were analyzed by R-R (Rosln-Rammler) particle size distribution function method. The results show that the sediment particles in the suspended sediment are 11%, 51%, 32% and 6%, respectively, accounting for 83%. After 1981, the content of clay and silt in the suspended sediment particles decreased relatively, and the suspended sediment particles became thicker. The composition of suspended sediment particles has the characteristics of fractal. The fractal dimension D is significantly related to the content of silt and clay less than 0.005 mm, and the correlation with the median diameter is poor. The mean sediment median particle size of the drainage bed is 0.874 mm on average, and the sediment on the bedload is dominated by sand and gravel. Sediment sediment particles with fractal characteristics, fractal dimension D and less than 0.3 mm fine sand and powder content was significantly correlated. Sediment allocation and its changes in the basin are conducive to the analysis of sediment source, take appropriate control measures to control sediment.