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采用组织分离法与形态鉴定相结合,对全国不同大豆产区的304个大豆主栽品种种子携带真菌情况进行了研究。结果表明:大豆种子携带的真菌主要有10个属,其中从大豆表面分离到的真菌中青霉属(Penicillium spp.)所占比例最大,其次是曲霉属(Aspergillus spp.)、镰刀属(Fusarium spp.)和根足霉属(Rhizopus spp.),此外还有链格孢属(Alternaria spp.)、木霉属(Trichoderma spp.)、枝孢属(Cladosporium spp.)、尾孢属(Cercospora spp.)、赤霉属(Gibberella spp.)、疫霉属(Phytophthora spp.);大豆种皮内携带的真菌优势种群为青霉属,其次为镰刀属,此外还有根足霉属、木霉属等;大豆种子内寄藏的真菌中青霉属占绝对优势,其次为镰刀属和曲霉属,此外还有链格孢属、根足霉属等。种外、种内携带的优势种群相互影响很大,呈正相关。
Tissue isolation and morphological identification were used to study the status of fungi carried by 304 soybean cultivars in different soybean regions in China. The results showed that the main fungi carried by soybean seeds were 10 genera, of which Penicillium spp. Was the largest fungi isolated from soybean surface, followed by Aspergillus spp., Fusarium spp.) and Rhizopus spp., in addition to Alternaria spp., Trichoderma spp., Cladosporium spp., Cercospora spp., Gibberella spp. and Phytophthora spp. The dominant species of fungi carried in soybean seed coat were Penicillium, followed by Sickle, in addition, Mold and so on; Penicillium occupy the absolute dominant in the fungus stored in the soybean seeds, followed by the sickle and the Aspergillus, in addition there are Alternaria, root and foot molds and so on. Among the species, the predominant species carried within the species had a great influence on each other and were positively correlated.