论文部分内容阅读
为了解季节性冻融及其变化对土壤动物群落特征的影响,于2008年11月-2009年10月的冬季(土壤冻融期、冻结期和融化期)及植被生长季节,研究了不同岷江冷杉(Abies faxoniana)林的大型土壤动物群落特征。共采集大型土壤动物10,763只,隶属于91科。冬季与生长季节土壤动物群落结构存在显著差异:冬季以长角毛蚊科幼虫和尖眼蕈蚊科幼虫为优势类群,大蚊科幼虫、苔甲科和蠓科幼虫等为常见类群;而生长季节以蚁科、隐翅甲科、长角毛蚊科幼虫和异蛩目为优势类群,原铗叭科、蝇科幼虫和石蜈蚣目等为常见类群。土壤动物群落个体密度、类群数量和多样性指数(H’)随冻融格局变化表现出先降低后升高的趋势,在土壤融化期达到了一个明显高峰值。冬季土壤动物以腐食性类群为主,捕食性和植食性功能类群在融化末期(4月25日)和生长季节初期(5月25日)显著增加。研究结果表明冻融循环和冻结作用显著影响土壤动物群落结构,季节转换过程中土壤动物群落的变化可能对深入认识冬季和生长季节生态过程的相互关系具有重要意义。
In order to understand the effects of seasonal freezing and thawing and their changes on the characteristics of soil animal communities, the effects of different Minjiang River wetlands on the characteristics of soil animal community were studied in winter (soil freeze-thaw period, freezing and thawing period) and vegetation growing season from November 2008 to October 2009 Characteristics of macrofauna community in Abies faxoniana forest. A total of 10,763 large soil fauna were collected, belonging to 91 families. There were significant differences in soil animal community structure in winter and growing season: winter mosquitoes and Sclera mosseae larvae were the dominant groups, while Larval mosquito larvae, In the seasons, the dominant species are the family Nymphalidae, Cryptopaeceae, Gracilaria spp. The individual density, the number of taxa and the diversity index (H ’) of soil fauna showed the trend of decreasing firstly and then increasing with the change of freezing and thawing pattern, reaching a significant peak value in soil thawing period. In winter, the soil fauna was dominated by the predatory species, and the predatory and herbivorous functional groups increased significantly in the late thawing period (April 25) and the early growing season (May 25). The results show that freeze-thaw cycles and freezing significantly affect the community structure of soil fauna. The changes of soil fauna may play an important role in understanding the correlation between the ecological processes in winter and growing seasons.