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【目的】建立水稻单株成穗数通式和有效分蘖叶位理论分蘖数函数,并确定超高产水稻的秧苗分蘖成活率(s)、本田期分蘖发生率(r)、分蘖缺位数(bn)、适宜等穗期及校正系数(a)等相关参数。【方法】选择云南水稻特殊高产生态区,2005年进行杂交籼稻Ⅱ优107密度试验,2005～2006年进行杂交籼稻Ⅱ优107、Ⅱ优318、Ⅱ优7954、Ⅱ优084、Ⅱ优航1号和协优107大区超高产试验。对试验的水稻分蘖消长进行调查分析,并最终测产。【结果】所有参试品种都遵循n-3的叶蘖同伸规律,有效分蘖叶位理论分蘖数(A)可以表示为有效分蘖叶位数(E)的函数,有效分蘖叶位数(E)与主茎总叶龄(N)、伸长节间数(n)、移栽叶龄(SN)、分蘖缺位数(bn)和校正系数(a)有关,E=(N-n-SN-bn-a);超高产群体的矫正系数(a)宜取1.5;常规湿润秧移栽大田后有1.5叶的分蘖缺位(bn),带2叶分蘖成活率(s2)和带1叶分蘖成活率(s1)分别为0.8和0.3;穴盘带土移栽,bn=0.5,s2=1.0,s1=0.5;本田期秧苗活棵至等穗期,分蘖发生率(r)80%左右。【结论】超高产水稻常规湿润秧本田期有效分蘖叶位E=(N-n-SN-3),单株分蘖成穗数ES=(1+t3+0.8t2)(1+0.8A)+0.3t1,其中t1、t2、t3分别代表秧苗带1叶、2叶和3叶分蘖数;穴盘小苗移栽本田期有效分蘖叶位E=(N-n-SN-2),单株分蘖成穗数ES=(1+t3)(1+0.8A3)+t2(1+0.8A2)+0.5t1,其中A2、A3分别代表2叶分蘖、3叶分蘖及主茎本田期理论分蘖数。通过两年与实际茎蘖动态的比较,公式描述较好。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to establish the theoretical tiller function for the number of spikelets per plant and the effective tillering position and to determine the tillering survival rate (s), the tillering frequency (r), the number of tillering vacancies bn), suitable for the spike period and the correction coefficient (a) and other related parameters. 【Method】 The special high-yielding ecotypes of rice in Yunnan were selected. In 2005, the indica hybrid rice Ⅱ You 107 was tested for density, and the hybrid indica rice Ⅱyou 107, Ⅱyou 318, Ⅱyou 7954, Ⅱyou 084 and Ⅱyouhang 1 And Xieyou 107 area super high yield test. The test of tiller growth and decline of the investigation and analysis, and the final test. 【Result】 The results showed that all the tested cultivars followed the rule of n-3, the tiller number (A) of effective tillering position could be expressed as a function of effective tillering position (E), and the effective tillering position (E ) Was related to the total leaf age (N), the number of internode elongation (N), transplanted leaf age (SN), tiller number (bn) and correction coefficient (a) bn-a); the correction coefficient of super high-yielding population (a) should be 1.5; conventional wetting transplanting had 1.5 leaf tillers (bn), 2-leaf tillering survival rates Survival rate (s1) was 0.8 and 0.3 respectively. Transplanting of seedlings with soil and soil was performed with bn = 0.5, s2 = 1.0 and s1 = 0.5. 【Conclusion】 The effective tillering position E = (Nn-SN-3) and tillering number per plant ES = (1 + t3 + 0.8t2) (1 + 0.8A) + 0.3t1 , Which t1, t2, t3 respectively represent 1 leaf, 2 leaf and 3 leaf tiller number of seedling; Seedling transplanting Honda effective tillering position E = (Nn-SN-2) = (1 + t3) (1 + 0.8A3) + t2 (1 + 0.8A2) + 0.5t1, where A2 and A3 represent the tillers of 2-leaf tiller, 3-leaf tiller and main stem Honda period, respectively. Through two years and the actual dynamic comparison of stem tiller, the formula description is better.