据《中国港口》杂志1995年第2期快报统计,1994年长江干线25个港口,只有宜昌、芜湖、江阴和南通等港的货物吞吐量比上年略有增长,其余各港都低于上年的水平。有的下降32.7％。特别是近十年来,港口经济虽有发展,但一直无突破性进展,长江各港货物吞吐量增长缓慢,年增长率仅1.8％。这种状况,不仅与开发开放长江流域经济不相适应,也有悖于以开发开放上海浦东为龙头,进一步开放长江沿岸城市,带动整个长江流域经济的新飞跃。 长江上下开发开放的涛声如潮,流域经济发展迅速,城市开放的步伐在加快,改革的力度在加大。以浦东为龙头的建设热潮,已带动了长江流域各省市的建设,推动了沿江港口城市的改革开放。当然,也使沿江各港口经济有些发展。不过,由于长江水运发展缓慢,水运利用率极低,所以港口货物吞吐量增幅较小。以九江港为例,近十年港口货物吞吐量增长率仅1.4％,低于长江25个重点港口增长率的平均水平。 为什么长江流域经济呈快速增长趋势,而水运则呈低速进展势头?出现这种不切、调发展的态势.我们认为其原因是复杂的,既有宏观的,也有微观的,当然还有习惯势力的影响。诸如管理体制未定型,水运关系未理顺,有序营运未入轨,统一市场未形成,港务运作未规范,依法治理未建立。这些制约因素,在软件上制约了港口 According to the “China Port Magazine” Express Bulletin No. 2 in 1995, 25 ports of the Yangtze River trunk in 1994, only Yichang, Wuhu, Jiangyin and Nantong port cargo throughput increased slightly over the previous year, the remaining ports are lower than the previous Year level. Some fell 32.7%. In particular, despite the development of the port economy in the past decade, no breakthrough has been made and the cargo throughput at the ports of the Yangtze River has been slow to grow with an annual growth rate of only 1.8%. This situation is not only incompatible with the economic development and opening up of the Yangtze River basin, but also runs counter to the new leap in opening up Shanghai Pudong as the lead and further opening up the cities along the Yangtze River and driving the entire Yangtze River valley economy. The wave of waves of development and opening up and down the Yangtze River has been raging. The economy of the basin has developed rapidly. The pace of urban opening is accelerating and the reform is intensifying. The construction boom led by Pudong has led to the construction of various provinces and municipalities in the Yangtze River Basin and promoted the reform and opening up of the port cities along the Yangtze River. Of course, so that the economy along the port some of the development. However, due to the slow development of the Yangtze River water transport and the very low utilization rate of water transport, the throughput of port cargo increased slightly. Taking Jiujiang Port as an example, the growth rate of port cargo throughput in the past 10 years was only 1.4%, lower than the average growth rate of 25 key ports in the Yangtze River. Why the economy in the Yangtze River valley has been rapidly growing while that of water transport has been at a low speed? There is such a trend of impracticality and development, which we think is complicated, both macroscopical and micro-and, of course, habitual forces Impact. Such as the management system is not stereotyped, the relationship between water transport is not smooth, orderly operation is not on track, a unified market is not formed, the port operation is not standardized, according to the law has not been established. These constraints restrict the port in software