1引言能源、环境和安全是当今世界各国极为关注的问题 ,汽车工业的发展与其息息相关。汽车材料是汽车品质的基础 ,汽车技术的发展在很大程度上依托于汽车材料的发展。在汽车轻量化方面 ,金属材料应用高强度钢、低密度的轻质材料 ,非金属材料则在复合塑料、聚丙烯塑料、大麻、工 1 Introduction Energy, environment and safety are the issues of great concern to all countries in the world today. The development of the automobile industry is closely linked with it. Automotive materials is the basis of automotive quality, automotive technology is largely dependent on the development of automotive materials. In automotive lightweight applications, the application of high strength steel, low-density metal materials, non-metallic materials in composite plastics, polypropylene plastic, hemp, workers