《中史参》2005年第7期上发表了孔旭老师的文章《真善美的抉择》。孔老师根据学生实际,运用“探究性自主学习的教学方案”实施“国共合作抗日”内容的教学,并在实践反思中提出“真善美的抉择”以及相关的“美育”问题。拜读之后,笔者深受启发,联想到历史教学中的目标定位以及历史认识问题,就此发表一点感想,不当之处敬请指正。先说真善美的对立与统一。真善美之间的关系本属于哲学认识问题,反映的是真理和价值之间的对立统一。然而,现实生活中人们却经常碰到这样的现象:一个有价值(善或美)的东西,未必真;相反,一个真的东西,却可能被认为没有价值(不善不美)。这样,人们在认识的求真中就有一个价值取向的问题。马克思主义哲学认为,衡量人的价值取向是否正确和合理的参照系统应包括两个内容:一是符合历史发展趋势,二是符合广大人民群众的利益。合起来,就是合规律性与合目的性的统一,即真与善的统一,它们构成了美。因此,真理与价值统一的实质,就是人们在实践的基础上实现认识真理与满足需要的统一,即真善美的统一。其宗旨是“自然原则与人道原则在自由劳 ”Shi Shi Ginseng“ in 2005 No. 7 published a Kong Xu teacher’s article ”truth, good and beautiful choice.“ According to the actual situation of the students, Professor Kong used the teaching program of inquiry-based self-learning to implement the teaching of anti-Japanese cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China and put forward ”truthfulness, goodness and beauty“ and related ”aesthetic education“ ”problem. After reading, I was deeply inspired, think of the history of teaching objectives and historical understanding of the issue, to express a little sensation, please correct me wrong. First, talk about the truth and goodness of the opposition and unity. The relationship between truth, goodness and beauty belongs to the question of philosophical cognition and reflects the unity of opposites between truth and value. However, people in real life often encounter such a phenomenon: a valuable (good or good) thing may not be true; on the contrary, a real thing may be considered worthless (not good or bad). In this way, people have a value orientation problem in understanding truth. According to Marxist philosophy, the reference system to measure whether people’s value orientation is correct and reasonable should include two aspects: one is in line with the historical development trend; the other is in the interest of the broad masses of the people. Taken together, it is the unification of conformity and purpose, that is, the unification of true and good, which constitutes beauty. Therefore, the essence of the unification of truth and value is that people realize the unification of the truth and the need of satisfaction on the basis of practice, that is, the unity of truth, goodness and beauty. Its purpose is "The principle of nature and humane principles in free labor