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地震发生前后,观测到地下水动态异常变化,已不乏其例。但亦有许多地下水动态异常变化,表面上看与地震的发生并无直接联系。1984年5月山东菏泽地区发生的一组地下水事件,虽然其特征与1983年11月7日菏泽5.9级地震前的地下水异常变化有某些共性,但之后并未在当地发生较强地震。5月地下水事件表现在地下水物理状态的变化而不是化学成分的变化上,以井水位升降、发浑、冒气泡、翻花为主要表现形式。一般井孔异常变化持续了半月左右,个别井孔持续时间长一些。在这组事件的发生过程中,我们对事件的具体内容、环境条件、可能的气象、水文影响等进行了调查。研究这些地下水事件的特征,探索其发生的原因,对地震前兆异常的识别无疑是有意义的。
Before and after the earthquake, groundwater anomalies have been observed. However, there are also many abnormal changes in groundwater dynamics, which are not directly related to the occurrence of earthquakes. Although a group of groundwater events occurred in May 1984 in Heze area of Shandong Province have some characteristics in common with those of groundwater anomalies before the MS 5.9 Heze earthquake on November 7, 1983, no strong earthquakes occurred in the area. Groundwater events in May showed changes in the physical state of groundwater rather than changes in chemical composition, with the rise and fall of the well water level, muddying, bubbling and turning over as the main manifestations. Abnormal changes in the normal borehole lasted about a month or so, a few wells longer duration. In the course of this set of events, we investigated the specific contents of the incident, environmental conditions, possible weather and hydrological impacts. Studying the characteristics of these groundwater events and exploring their causes, it is undoubtedly meaningful to recognize the anomalous earthquake precursors.