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目的 研究SOX2和SOX11在先天性巨结肠症(Hirschsprung’s disease,HSCR)手术切除肠段神经丛内的表达及其与肠神经丛、神经节细胞发育可能存在的关系.方法 应用SP免疫组织化学方法检测50例HSCR手术切除肠段近端切缘、移行段和狭窄段肠壁肌间神经丛中SOX2和SOX11蛋白的表达水平,显微测量分析各肠段肌间神经丛和神经节细胞直径并观察神经节细胞的发育情况.采用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测其中20例HSCR手术切除肠段近端切缘和狭窄段肠壁组织SOX2mRNA和SOX11 mRNA的表达水平.结果 在HSCR手术切除肠段近端切缘、移行段和狭窄段,肠壁肌间神经丛内SOX2蛋白阳性染色的平均光密度值依次为0.1325±0.0469、0.0538±0.0143和0.0244±0.0122,SOX11蛋白阳性染色的平均光密度值依次为0.0696±0.0187、0.0304±0.0106和0.0054±0.0044,不同部位间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).显微测量结果显示,近端切缘、移行段和狭窄段肠壁肌间神经丛直径依次为(57.42±11.42)μm、(33.16±4.76)μm和(30.53±6.50)μm,不同部位间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).近端切缘和移行肠段每高倍视野(×400)肠壁肌间神经丛内神经节细胞数量分别为(5.53±1.45)个和(1.97±0.80)个,神经节细胞平均直径为(16.09±1.75)μm和(11.91±1.30)μm,神经节细胞质/核比值分别为2.18±0.20和1.63±0.14,上述指标比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).RT-qPCR结果显示近端切缘SOX2mRNA表达量是狭窄段的3.05倍,SOX11 mRNA表达量是狭窄段的2.79倍,不同部位间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 SOX2和SOX11在肠壁神经丛胶质细胞或神经节细胞的表达水平可能影响肠壁神经丛和神经节细胞的发育,从而参与HSCR的发病过程.“,”Objective To explore the expressions of SOX2 and SOX11 in enteric plexus of Hirschsprung’s disease (HSCR)and examine their relationship with the development of enteric plexus and ganglion cells.Methods SP immunohistochemistry was utilized for detecting the protein expressions of SOX2 and SOX11 in myenteric plexus of proximal margin,transitional segment and narrow segment in 50 HSCR children;Microscopic measurement equipment was applied for gauging the diameter of myenteric plexus and ganglion cells and observing the development of ganglion cells. And reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR)was used for detecting the expressions of SOX2 and SOX11 mRNA in proximal margin and narrow segment of 20 HSCR cases.Results In proximal margin,transitional segment and narrow segment,the average optical density of SOX2 protein in myenteric plexus were 0.1325±0.0469,0.0538±0.0143 and 0.0244± 0.0122 respectively (P < 0.05 );The average optical density of SOX11 protein in myenteric plexus were 0.0696 ± 0.0187,0.0304 ± 0.0106 and 0.0054 ± 0.0044 respectively.And there were statistically significant differences between different sites (P < 0.05 ).Microscopic measurements showed that the myenteric plexus diameters of proximal margin,transitional segment and narrow segment were (57.42 ± 11 .42 ),(33.16 ± 4.76 )and (30.53 ± 6.50 )μm respectively.And the differences of each group were statistically significant (P < 0.05 );The number of ganglion cells in single microscope field (×400)of myenteric plexus of proximal margin and transitional segment were 5.53±1 .45 and 1 .97±0.80 respectively (P <0.05);The ratios of cytoplasm to nucleus of ganglion cells in myenteric plexus of proximal margin and transitional segment were 2.18 ±0.20 and 1 .63 ± 0.14 and the average diameters of ganglion cells in myenteric plexus (16.09 ± 1 .75 )and (11 .91 ± 1 .30)μm respectively.And the differences between the above indicators were statistically significant (P <0.05).RT-qPCR showed that the expression of SOX2 mRNA in proximal margin was 3.05 folds of that in narrow segment.And the expression of SOX11 mRNA in proximal margin was 2.79 folds of that in narrow segment and there were statistically significant differences between different sites (P <0.05).Conclusions The expression levels of SOX2 and SOX11 in glial cells or ganglion cells of enteric plexus may affect the development of enteric plexus and ganglion cells and thus participate in the pathogenesis of HSCR.