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目的探讨新型早产儿支气管肺发育不良(BPD)的X线表现,以提高早期诊断能力。方法回顾性分析经临床确诊为新型早产儿BPD的36例早产儿不同时期胸片资料。结果 (1)原发病为急性呼吸窘迫综合症(RDS)21例,早产婴肺7例,肺部无明显异常8例。(2)新型早产儿BPD X线表现:1肺野暗化不透明(53%~75%);2充气囊泡影(19%~100%);3中后期肺过度充气(5%~75%);4早期可伴有斑点状阴影(2%~33%);5线网状阴影(25%~43%)及班片条片状阴影(21%~43%);6心影轻度增大(12%~29%);7晚期少数肺结构紊乱。(3)新型早产儿BPD早期X线征象:动态胸片肺部原发病征已好转、消失后或肺部原发病征轻仅肺纹理稍多或肺部无明显原发病者,出现肺野暗化不透明及/或充气囊泡影。结论新型早产儿BPD的诊断主要根据临床病史和胸部X线资料。单次胸片无特征性,但动态胸片肺野暗化不透明及充气囊泡影有特异性,具有诊断意义。
Objective To investigate the X-ray findings of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in newborn infants to improve the ability of early diagnosis. Methods Thirty-six cases of preterm infants with clinically diagnosed BPD were retrospectively analyzed. Results (1) The primary disease was 21 cases of acute respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), 7 cases of premature infant lungs and 8 cases of no obvious lung abnormalities. (2) The BPD X-ray manifestations of new preterm infants: 1 pulmonary field opacification (53% -75%); 2 inflatable balloon bubble (19% -100%); 3 mid-late lung hyperinflation (5% -75% ; 4 early may be associated with speckled shadows (2% ~ 33%); 5-line reticular shadow (25% ~ 43%) and class patchy shadows (21% ~ 43% Large (12% ~ 29%); 7 late minority pulmonary disorder. (3) Early preterm infants with early X-ray signs of BPD: The dynamic chest X-ray primary symptoms have improved, disappeared or the primary lung disease light only slightly more lungs or no obvious primary lung disease, lung field Diminge opaque and / or inflatable vesicle shadow. Conclusion The diagnosis of BPD in new preterm infants is mainly based on clinical history and chest X-ray data. A single chest without characteristic, but dynamic chest lung field opacification and inflatable balloon bubble specificity, with diagnostic significance.