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百年前,泰籍华人的祖先为了寻找工作,带着衣锦还乡之梦从中国来到了泰国。不顾周遭的境遇,他们当中有很多人最终选择留在泰国而非返回中国。但是他们的中国身份并没因此消亡,反而一代代地传承给他们在泰国生养的子孙后代。这是否标志着泰国散居华人的开始呢?本文将分析司马攻与曾心这两位于上世纪三十年代在泰国出生的第二、三代华裔作家的部分文学作品。尽管他们的父母并不讲汉语,司马攻与曾心依旧通过在学校学习以及在中国大学留学等渠道掌握了中文。不同于其他东南亚国家,华裔群体在泰国的享有很大程度的文化与政治自由,且很快被泰国社会接纳同化,但两位作家坚持用中文创作,而非泰文。他们的创作内容从泰国日常生活中的片段到诸如1937年南京大屠杀和2008年北京奥林匹克运动会等大事件无所不有。这样的题材选择、创作视角、和人物形象的塑造可以向读者表达出作者对归属感这一问题有怎样的见解呢?阿巴斯的“漂泊身份”这一概念用在此处是否合适?泰华文学对中国文学有什么样的意义?通过分析两位作家的部分代表性短篇小说与诗歌,本文试图论证作者的身份是隐藏在文学文本之中的。我将通过对语言和历史的分析来解读有关归属感和身份认同构建的问题。
Hundreds of years ago, the ancestors of Thai Chinese came to Thailand from China with the dream of homecoming in search of work. Disregarding the situation around them, many of them eventually chose to stay in Thailand rather than return to China. However, their Chinese identity did not die out. Instead, they passed on from generation to generation to give birth to their descendants in Thailand. Does this mark the beginning of the Chinese diaspora in Thailand? This article will analyze some of the literary works of the second and third generation Chinese-American writers born in Thailand in the 1930s, such as Sima Gong and Zeng Xin. Although their parents did not speak Chinese, Sima Gong and Zeng Xin still mastered Chinese through such channels as studying in school and studying at a Chinese university. Unlike other Southeast Asian countries, ethnic Chinese groups enjoyed a great deal of cultural and political freedom in Thailand and were soon accepted and assimilated by Thai society. However, the two writers insisted on using Chinese instead of Thai. Their creations range from footage of everyday life in Thailand to events such as the Nanjing massacre in 1937 and the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. The choice of theme, the perspective of creation, and the characterization of the characters can tell the readers how the author views the issue of belonging. How can Abbas’s notion of “wandering identity” be used here? What is the significance of Thai literature to Chinese literature? By analyzing some representative short stories and poems by two writers, this article attempts to prove that the author’s identity is hidden in literary texts. I will use the analysis of language and history to interpret the issues of belonging and identity.