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目的 了解慢性肾功能不全患者医院感染情况 ,探讨与其相关的危险因素及预防措施。方法 回顾性分析 68例、78例次慢性肾功能不全者医院感染的临床资料。结果 慢性肾功能不全患者医院感染率为 1 0 .8%。糖尿病肾病、狼疮性肾病、梗阻性肾病患者医院感染发生率较高。感染部位以泌尿道占首位 (5 5 .1 % ) ,其次为下呼吸道 (2 4.4% )、胃肠道 (1 0 .3 % )、血液 (5 .1 % )。 46例次获阳性病原菌中 ,革兰氏阴性菌占 3 9.1 % ,革兰氏阳性菌占 41 .3 % ,真菌占8.7% ,混合感染占 1 0 .8% ,耐药性比较普遍。结论 慢性肾功能不全患者医院感染与原发病自身特点、侵入性操作、慢性肾功能不全程度、血浆蛋白水平、心功能、血红蛋白水平、高龄、住院时间等密切相关。
Objective To understand the prevalence of nosocomial infections in patients with chronic renal failure and to explore the risk factors associated with them and their preventive measures. Methods A retrospective analysis of 68 cases, 78 cases of chronic renal failure in hospital clinical data. Results The rate of nosocomial infection in patients with chronic renal insufficiency was 1.08%. Diabetic nephropathy, lupus nephropathy, obstructive nephropathy in patients with a higher incidence of nosocomial infections. The most common site of infection was urinary tract (55.1%), followed by lower respiratory tract (4.4%), gastrointestinal tract (10.3%) and blood (5.1%). Among the 46 cases of positive pathogenic bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 9.11%, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 41.3%, fungi accounted for 8.7%, mixed infection accounted for 1.08%, and drug resistance was relatively common. Conclusions NOS in patients with chronic renal failure is closely related to the characteristics of the original disease, invasive procedures, degree of chronic renal insufficiency, plasma protein level, cardiac function, hemoglobin level, advanced age and hospitalization.