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济宁市南部区域是著名的国家商品粮、优质大蒜、优质稻米和有机蔬菜生产基地,由于土壤地球化学特征与农业生产、人类健康关系密切,所以对济宁南部区域耕作层土壤地球化学特征及其成因的研究具有十分重要的意义。本文以济宁南部煤田地区作为典型区域,以耕作层土壤为研究对象,采集了77件耕作层土壤样品,定量分析了As、B、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、F、Hg、Li、Mn、Mo、Ni、Pb、Sr、Se、Zn、S、Corg、p H、Si O2、TFe2O3、Mg O、Ca O、Na2O、K2O、CEC等共计26项指标。经统计分析发现,济宁南部区域耕作层土壤中地球化学指标含量变异系数的大小顺序为Hg>CEC>S>Cd>Na2O>Mo>Ca O>Corg>As>Mn>Cu>Mg O>Co>Li>Ni>TFe2O3>Se>Zn>F>Cr>Pb>B>Si O2>Sr>K2O>p H,其中Hg、CEC和S的变异系数较大,均超过了50%,这一特点与地球化学指标含量频率直方图及平均值与背景值的比对柱状图所显示的特征完全吻合。在摸清耕作层土壤地球化学特征的基础上,采用R型因子分析法对济宁南部区域耕作层土壤地球化学特征的成因进行了详细分析,提取了风化作用和淋溶作用复合因素、蒸发淀积作用和粘土物理化学吸附作用复合因素、植物根际富集因素作用、煤矿生产因素作用等四个因子,其方差贡献率分别为55.022%、12.753%、9.803%、8.009%,四个因子可以用于说明济宁南部区域表层土壤地球化学特征85.587%的形成原因。研究结果可以为研究区今后开展耕作层土壤环境质量评价,以及生态平衡研究奠定基础。
The southern region of Jining City is a famous national commodity grain, high-quality garlic, high-quality rice and organic vegetable production base. Because of the geochemical characteristics of soil and its close relationship with agricultural production and human health, the geochemical characteristics of soil and its genesis Research is of great importance. In this paper, taking southern coalfield area of Jining as a typical area, taking 77 tillage soil samples from tillage layer as raw material, soil samples of 77 tillage layers were collected for quantitative analysis of As, B, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sr, Se, Zn, S, Corg, p H, Si O2, TFe2O3, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O and CEC. According to the statistical analysis, the coefficient of variation of the geochemical index content in the tillage layer soil in southern Jining was Hg> CEC> S> Cd> Na2O> Mo> CaO> Corg> As> Mn> Cu> MgO> Co> Li> Ni> TFe2O3> Se> Zn> F> Cr> Pb> B> Si O2> Sr> K2O> p H, and the coefficients of variation of Hg, CEC and S were all over 50% The frequency histograms of geochemical index content and the ratio of the average value to the background value exactly match the characteristics shown by the histogram. On the basis of finding out the soil geochemical characteristics of tillage layer, the causes of soil geochemical characteristics of tillage layer in southern area of Jining were analyzed in detail by R-factor analysis, and the composite factors of weathering and leaching were extracted. Four factors of action and clay physico-chemical adsorption, factors of plant rhizosphere enrichment and production factors of coal mine, the variance contribution rates are 55.022%, 12.753%, 9.803% and 8.009% respectively. Four factors can be used The reasons for the formation of 85.587% of the topsoil geochemical characteristics in southern Jining were illustrated. The research results can lay the foundation for future research on soil environment quality evaluation of farming soil and ecological balance.