哭与笑作为人类天生的生理机能与情绪反应,是人类表达感情的主要方式。在西方哲学视野下,它们更是通向悲剧性与喜剧性这两个重要的审美概念的必由之路。例如柏格森有《笑——论滑稽的意义》一书。哲学家思考哭与笑,文学家则描写哭与笑,离开了哭与笑的文学艺术无疑会失去不少魅力。刘剑波的《哭比笑难》是一部借来自不同阶层人物的哭与笑来反映人性善恶、人情冷暖、社会悲喜的小说。康德曾言:“大自然借助于某些内心的冲动来机械地促 Crying and laughing as human physiological function and emotional response, is the main way of expressing feelings of human beings. From the perspective of western philosophy, they are the only way leading to the two important aesthetic concepts of tragedy and comedy. For example, Bergson has ”laugh - on the meaning of funny“ book. Philosophers think crying and laughing, while writers describe crying and laughing. Without any doubt, literary arts that cry and laugh will lose a lot of charm. Liu Jianbo's ”crying and laughing is difficult“ is a novel by which people from different walks of life cry and laugh to reflect the goodness and evil of human nature, the warmth of humankind and the social joys and sorrows. Kant once said: ”Nature is mechanically urged by some inner impulses