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人类的错误为研究人类智能的结构和功能提供了有价值的资料。对于记忆的研究多是建立在遗忘的基础上,对知觉的研究常常基于识别力衰退,对于语言和思维的研究已经揭示了失言。关于人类错误的研究格外重要,因为它表明了人类智力的某些局限,它时常暴露出隐藏在人们行为之下的规律和机制,它常常提示出可以改善人们表现的方式。错觉是一种特殊的错误,它特别令人困惑,因为人们造成的这种错误始终具有迷惑力,甚至当人们已彻底认识到这是一种错误时亦然。例如,我们会感到在图1中右边的线
Human error provides valuable information for studying the structure and function of human intelligence. Most of the research on memory is based on forgetting. The study of perception often based on the decline of recognition power, and the research on language and thinking has revealed the speechlessness. Research on human error is especially important because it shows some of the limitations of human intelligence that often reveals the laws and mechanisms hidden in the behavior of people and often suggests ways in which people can improve their performance. Illusion is a special kind of error that is particularly puzzling because the errors that people make are always perplexing, even when people have fully realized it is a mistake. For example, we will feel the line on the right in Figure 1