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试验通过全膜双垄沟播覆盖种植与不同玉米秸秆还田方式,研究对其土壤理化特性及玉米产量的影响。结果表明:采用全膜双垄沟播种植方式,经秸秆还田后耕层土壤养分含量变化表现为整株还田>秸秆粉碎>免耕留茬,秸秆还田后的土壤容重明显降低但免耕留茬一膜两年用后的土壤容重增大。秸秆还田对土壤水分与温度的影响,在玉米生育前期经秸秆还田后的土壤温度与水分均显著低于对照,在玉米生育后期秸秆腐解后对土壤水分起到一个补偿效应。就玉米产量变化而言,表现为全膜覆膜+整株秸秆还田>全膜覆膜+秸秆粉碎还田>全膜双垄沟播>免耕留茬一膜两年用>露地种植,玉米全膜双垄沟播较露地种植增产达到显著水平,玉米采用全膜双垄沟播种植结合秸秆还田技术的栽培模式较单一的全膜双垄沟播玉米产量有增产的趋势,免耕留茬一膜两年用有减产倾向但差异不显著。
The experiment was conducted to study the effects of planting mulching with double furrows on the soil physical and chemical properties and corn yield. The results showed that: the whole film double furrow sowing planting mode, the changes of soil nutrient content of the plowed layer after returning straw to soil showed that the whole plant returned to the field> straw milled> no-till and stubble, the soil bulk density decreased significantly after straw returning to the field, Stubble film after two years of soil bulk density increased. The effect of straw returning on soil moisture and temperature was significantly lower than that of control after returning straw to soil in the early growth period of maize, which played a compensatory effect on the soil moisture after the corn was decomposed. In terms of changes in corn production, the performance of the whole film covered the whole plant straw + straw mulching> straw mulching> mulching double furrow sowing> two-year non-tillage stubble with a film> open field planting, corn The film mulching double furrow sowing increased significantly compared with that of the open field. The cultivation pattern of mulching with double furrow sowing and straw mulching with corn had a tendency of increasing yield compared with the single sowing mulching with double furrow sowing. Two years with the tendency of yield reduction but the difference is not significant.