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四子述志后孔子的一声叹息,变成了两千年来争论不决的一件公案。述志现场的曾点表示疑问,曾旁敲侧击,但未得其解。王充以为曾点是因调和阴阳得到孔子首肯。以后的历代研究者反复探究,得出了一系列推论。流传最广的是朱熹的“曾点气象”几近尧舜说,何晏、邢昺等的“知时不求为政”说,太平盛世说,逐步递进说,诸说并存,绵延至今,莫衷一是。本文将紧扣《论语》话语的教育语境,运用训诂的内证法和文章的情景还原法加以分析,试图为这一学案探求答案。
After the four sons of Confucius wrote a sigh, it turned into a controversial two years of arduous cases. On the scene of the past have expressed doubts, has been sidelined, but no solution. Wang Chong thought it was due to reconcile the yin and yang Confucius approval. Future generations of researchers repeatedly explore and come to a series of inferences. The most widely circulated is Zhu Xi’s “once-meteorological point”: "When Yao and Shun said they were close to Yao and Shun, He Yan and Xing Jie said: Until now, incomprehensible. This article analyzes the educational context closely linked with the Analects of Confucius by using the internal law of exegetics and the situational reduction of the essay, trying to find the answer to the case.