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宫颈癌是中国女性最常见的肿瘤之一。人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染是宫颈癌及其癌前病变的必要因子。HPV的病毒样颗粒(由HPV病毒基因组L1基因编码)可产生中和抗体,其结果是HPV病毒样颗粒的注射可有效地预防某个HPV型别的感染。由于HPV16和18两个型别在宫颈癌中具有较高的流行率,这两个型别的病毒样颗粒已被开发成为预防性疫苗。近年来,由两家主要的疫苗厂商生产的两种HPV预防性疫苗的临床结果表明,HPV预防性疫苗是安全的。同时,对于预防低等级的宫颈上皮内瘤变(宫颈癌早期)有效。正是基于对于疫苗应用的期望,一些发达国家正在考虑调整宫颈癌的控制策略。
Cervical cancer is one of the most common tumors in Chinese women. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is an essential factor in cervical cancer and its precancerous lesions. HPV-like virus-like particles (encoded by the HPV virus genomic L1 gene) produce neutralizing antibodies, with the result that the injection of HPV virus-like particles is effective in preventing infection with one HPV type. Due to the high prevalence of both HPV16 and 18 types in cervical cancer, these two types of virus-like particles have been developed as preventative vaccines. In recent years, the clinical results of two HPV prophylactic vaccines produced by two major vaccine manufacturers have shown that HPV prophylactic vaccines are safe. At the same time, for the prevention of low grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (early cervical cancer) effective. It is based on expectations of vaccine use that some developed countries are considering adjusting their cervical cancer control strategies.