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目的分析某次在轨飞行任务前后航天员警觉度及昼夜节律的变化情况,研究在轨飞行任务对航天员认知和节律的影响。方法采用心理运动警觉性任务(psychomotor vigilance task,PVT)方法对3名航天员某次在轨飞行任务前和返回后的警觉度进行测试。结果与飞行前第一次PVT结果相比,有2名航天员在飞行后有较大改变,其中第一名航天员PVT均值在飞行后降低,而第三名升高。第二名航天员的PVT均值在飞行前后无明显改变。本研究还对PVT的节律特征进行初步分析,发现不同航天员在飞行前后都发生了变化,且变化趋势有所不同。这些数据提示不同航天员警觉度及其节律特征的变化趋势在飞行前后可能存在个体差异。结论在轨飞行对人心理和认知能力的节律具有一定影响,且这种影响具有个体差异性。
Objective To analyze the changes of astronaut awareness and circadian rhythm before or after a certain orbital mission, and to study the impact of orbiting missions on astronaut awareness and rhythm. Methods The psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) method was used to test the alertness of three astronauts before and after their on-orbit mission. Results Compared with the first PVT results before flight, two astronauts changed greatly after the flight. The mean PVT of the first astronauts decreased after flight and the third increased. The PVT mean of the second astronaut did not change significantly before and after flight. The present study also conducted a preliminary analysis of the rhythmic characteristics of PVT and found that different astronauts have changed before and after the flight, and the trends are different. These data suggest that there may be individual differences before and after the flight between different astronauts and their rhythm characteristics. Conclusion Orbital flight has certain influence on the rhythm of human psychology and cognitive ability, and this effect has individual differences.