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目的了解陕西省2008-2011年手足口病流行病学特征,为进一步防控手足口病提供参考依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对陕西省2008-2011年手足口病病例进行分析。结果 2008-2011年陕西省共报告手足口病130 667例,年平均发病率为87.03/10万,重症率0.84%,平均死亡率0.04/10万。西安市年均发病率(177.51/10万)最高,延安市年均发病率(28.28/10万)最低。4-7月为发病高峰。男性发病高于女性,以散居儿童和幼托儿童为主,集中于≤5岁儿童,占93.98%。病原学监测结果显示以EV71为主,占56.48%。重症及死亡病例多发生在4-7月,以≤3岁的散居儿童为主,男性高于女性,病毒主要是EV71型。结论陕西省手足口病发病有明显的地区、季节、年龄、性别和职业特征,因此,做好重点地区、重点时段、重点人群的防控工作尤为重要,同时提示年龄较小、男性儿童是感染EV71后发生死亡病例的危险因素。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Shaanxi Province from 2008 to 2011 and provide a reference for further prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the cases of HFMD in Shaanxi Province from 2008 to 2011. Results A total of 130 667 HFMD cases were reported in Shaanxi Province from 2008 to 2011, with an average annual incidence of 87.03 / 100 000, severe disease rate 0.84% and average death rate 0.04 / 100 000. The average annual incidence of Xi’an was the highest (177.51 / 100000), and the annual average incidence of Yan’an was the lowest (28.28 / 100000). April-July peak incidence. The incidence of males was higher than that of females, with scattered children and kindergarten children mainly concentrated in children ≤5 years old, accounting for 93.98%. The results of etiological monitoring showed that EV71 was the dominant species, accounting for 56.48%. Severe and fatal cases occurred in April-July, mainly in children aged ≤ 3 years of age, men than women, the virus is mainly EV71 type. Conclusion Hand, foot and mouth disease in Shaanxi Province has obvious regional, seasonal, age, sex and occupational characteristics. Therefore, it is particularly important to do prevention and control in key areas, key periods and key populations. At the same time, it is suggested that young children are infected. Risk factors for death after EV71.