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城是我国文明起源与发展的重要元素。在距今约8000年的新石器时代,我国环壕聚落就已出现,因地域的不同而功能各异。北方地区只是起到边界的作用,而南方地区和中原地区主要是为了防水。城址出现于距今约6000年~5000年的仰韶时代,三大地区城址的发展各自独立,并呈现出不同的特色,但其产生都与环壕的发展密切相关。
The city is an important element of the origin and development of our civilization. In the Neolithic Age of about 8000 years ago, the encircling trench settlements in our country have appeared and have different functions due to the different regions. The northern region only played the role of a border, while the southern region and the Central Plains region were mainly for waterproofing. The city site appeared in the Yangshao period from about 6000 to 5000 years ago. The development of the city sites in the three major regions are independent and show different characteristics. However, their development is closely related to the development of the moat.