衣原体系属人类重要的致病菌之一,可引起沙眼、肺炎、鹦鹉热和泌尿生殖系统等疾病,它又是鸟禽类和低等哺乳动物的条件致病菌,属于人兽共患病的病原体。由于近来报道该病有所增多,同时又发现新的TWAR 肺炎衣原体会发生全国性流行。故目前巳逐步受到人们的广泛重视。现将研究近况综述如下。1 病原学11.生物学特性衣原体介于细菌和病毒之间的微生物,系属立克次体纲中的一个目。原体为圆形或椭圆形,而TWAR 的典型原体为梨形。革兰氏染色阴性、无动力,专性细胞内寄生。生活周期独特;从原体→始体→包涵体→原体,形成周期循环。原体与始体两型可互变。宿主细胞经摄粒作用将原体吸入,原体抑制溶酶体与吞噬体融合。吞噬体内的原体起分化作用,形成有新阵代谢活力的始体 Chlamydia is one of the most important pathogenic bacteria in humans and can cause diseases such as trachoma, pneumonia, psittacosis and genitourinary system. It is also a pathogenic bacterium for bird birds and lower mammals and belongs to zoonosis Pathogen. As a result of the recent reports of an increase in the disease, a new national prevalence of Chlamydia pneumoniae has also been reported. Therefore, it has gradually gained people’s widespread attention. The current research status is summarized below. 1 Etiology 11. Biological characteristics Chlamydia microbe between bacteria and viruses, belonging to the order of the Rickettsia. Protoplasts are round or oval, whereas TWAR’s typical is pear-shaped. Gram-negative, non-motile, obligate intracellular parasitism. Unique life cycle; from the original body → → body → body → inclusion bodies, the formation of cycle. Protoplasts and the beginning of the two types of mutual change. Host cells by inhalation of the original role of photosomes, the original body to inhibit lysosomes and phagosome fusion. Phagocytosis of the body of the original role of differentiation, the formation of a new array of metabolic activity of the beginning of the body