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目的 :为视神经减压术和进一步探索视神经间接损伤的病理机制提供形态学依据。方法 :对 30个成人尸头的 6 0侧视神经管标本在手术显微镜下进行解剖观测。测量了视神经管的口径 ,管壁的厚度和长度。观察了视神经管的走行特点 ,计算了视神经管横截面积。结果 :视神经管内壁中部是视神经管管壁最薄之处 ,厚度为 (0 .48± 0 .36 )mm ;视神经管最狭窄的部位是中部 ,横截面积为 (17.47± 3 .97)mm2 ;视神经管中轴与颅正中矢状面的夹角为 37.46°± 4.6 6° ,与颅冠状面的夹角为 2 1.0 0°± 3 .46°。结论 :视神经间接损伤后 ,视神经管在管中部对视神经的束缚作用可能最强 ,视神经减压术开放管的中部可能最为重要。视神经管走行的特点是视神经间接损伤常合并于颞额部钝挫伤的解剖学基础。
OBJECTIVE: To provide morphological evidences for optic nerve decompression and further explore the pathological mechanism of optic nerve indirect injury. METHODS: Sixty lateral optic canal specimens of 30 adult cadaver heads were dissected under a surgical microscope. The caliber of the optic canal, the thickness and length of the tube wall were measured. Observed the characteristics of the optic canal tracts, calculated the optic canal cross-sectional area. Results: The middle part of the inner wall of the optic canal was the thinnest part of the optic canal wall with a thickness of (.48 ± 0.36) mm. The most narrow part of the optic canal was the middle part with a cross-sectional area of (17.47 ± 3.97) mm2 ; The angle between the central axis of the optic canal and the median sagittal plane was 37.46 ° ± 4.6 6 ° and the angle between the optic canal and the cranial coronal plane was 2.010 ° ± 3.46 °. Conclusion: After optic nerve indirect injury, the optic canal may play the strongest role in the optic nerve in the middle of the tube. The central part of the open tube may be the most important in the decompression of optic nerve. The characteristic of the optic canal tracts is the anatomical basis of the indirect optic nerve injury often associated with temporal contusions.