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实现城镇建筑物下的安全采煤,关键在于做好两个方面的工作:一是正确设计井下开采技术;二是正确设计地面建筑物保护技术。对于后者,波兰除有采矿研究总院和高等矿业院校进行研究外,还有一个专门负责地面建筑物加固、维修和迁建可行性分析的煤矿设计研究院,承担城镇下采煤的建筑物保护技术设计。包括制订煤矿地面保护的5年、10年和20年规划;根椐煤矿提出的地表变形预计及开采方案,进行建筑物技术状况的调查统计编录,并据此作出建筑物抗变形能力评价;根椐建筑物抗变形等级图和地面采动等级图的对比分析,对开采方案提出调整和建
The key to realizing safe coal mining under urban buildings lies in two aspects: first, designing the underground mining technology correctly; and secondly, designing the ground building protection technology correctly. For the latter, in addition to the research conducted by the General Research Institute of Mining and Mining and the higher mining institutes in Poland, there is a coal mine design and research institute that specializes in the feasibility analysis of reinforcement, maintenance and relocation of ground structures, Material protection technology design. Including the formulation of 5-year, 10-year and 20-year plans for ground protection of coal mines; the prediction of surface deformation and mining plans proposed by Mine Mine; the investigation and statistical cataloging of the technical conditions of buildings; the evaluation of anti-deformation capability of buildings;对 Contrast Analysis of Building Anti-deformation Grade Diagram and Ground Mining Grade Diagram, Put Suggestions for Adjustment and Construction of Mining Scheme