马克思主义告诉我们,在阶级社会里,文艺是从属和服务于一定的阶级,一定的政治路线的。作为文艺形式一种的诗歌,同样如此。李贺就是唐朝中叶一个密切配合现实政治斗争进行创作的法家诗人。他的诗歌反映出唯物主义世界观和坚持社会进步、反对倒退的政治主张,对孔孟之道充满了“刺”,具有鲜明的反儒思想。李贺生活于德宗、顺宗、宪宗三朝。这时的唐朝经过了安史之乱已由鼎盛时期急速地走下坡路。大地主阶级更加残酷地巧取豪夺,宦官专权,藩镇割据,人民生活痛苦,阶级矛盾激化,一片腐败没落的景象。面临着这样严峻的局面,革新派王叔文、王伾等力主改革,但在当时反动儒者、宦官和藩镇的反扑下,不到半年便以失败告终了。反动儒者的复古派,竭力宣扬孔丘鼓吹的分封制,为藩镇割据制造舆论。法家人物则与之坚决斗争。李贺二十岁时,柳宗元《非国语》问世,李贺去世前后,柳宗元写成《封建论》、《答刘禹锡天论书》等法家思想代表作。 Marxism tells us that in a class society literature and art are subordinate and serve a certain class and certain political line. The same is true of poetry as a form of literature and art. Li He is a legal poet who worked closely with the political struggles in the middle of the Tang Dynasty to create. His poetry reflects the materialistic world outlook and the political proposition of adhering to social progress and opposed retrogression. He is full of “thorn” in Confucius and Mencius and has a clear anti-Confucianism. Lee He lives in Dezong, Shunzong, Kenso three dynasties. At this time, the Tang Dynasty passed the Anshun Rebellion which has been rapidly declining from its heyday. The landowner class more cruel to capture the plunder, eunuchs, separatist, people’s lives, class intensification, a corrupt decline. Faced with such a severe situation, the reformists Wang Shuwen and Wang Tuan advocated the major reforms. However, they failed in less than half a year with the anti-reactionary Confucians, eunuchs and vassals. The retroist reactionary Confucianists tried their utmost to promote the sub-seal advocated by Confucius and created public opinion for the separatist forces. Legalists fight the war with them. When Li He was 20 years old, Liu Zongyuan’s “non-nationalism” came out. Before and after Li He’s death, Liu Zongyuan wrote the masterpieces of the legalists such as “Feudalism” and “A Reply on Liu Yuxi’s Tianyunshu”.