论文部分内容阅读
为了解住院患者下呼吸道感染的病原菌及耐药情况，对1995年1月至1997年10月下呼吸道感染住院患者的疫菌培养结果进行分析。结果：共分离出373株细菌，47个苗种．主要为革兰氏阴性菌（92.8％）。前10位排列依次为铜绿假单胞菌、肠杆菌属、大肠埃希氏菌、不动杆菌属、沙雷氏菌属、微球菌科、克雷伯氏菌属、变形杆菌属、摩拉氏菌属、多源菌属。药敏分析：14种抗生素对革兰氏阴性（G－）菌敏感性覆盖率前3位是头孢他啶、丁胺卡那霉素、环丙沙星。铜绿假单胞菌对头孢他啶、丁胺卡那霉素、环丙沙星的耐药率分别为5％、16％、20％。肠杆菌属对丁胺卡那霉素、头孢他啶、环丙沙星的耐药率分别为2％、11％、15％。大肠埃希氏菌对环丙沙星的耐药率为25％，与其它药物比较耐药率最高，值得进一步研究。不动杆菌属耐药率最低的是头孢他啶、庆大雾素、卡那霉素、哌拉西林。沙雷氏菌属对头孢哌酮、头孢他啶、庆大霉素、卡那霉素的耐药率分别为6％、13％、13％、15％。尚未发现耐头孢他啶肺炎克雷伯氏菌株、但应警惕耐药菌株的发生、发展。结果提示：住院患者下呼吸道感染的病原菌以G-菌为主，系统的耐药性监测时临床有效、合理地选用抗生素有重要指导意义。
In order to understand the pathogens and drug resistance of lower respiratory tract infection in hospitalized patients, the epidemic culture results of inpatients with lower respiratory tract infection from January 1995 to October 1997 were analyzed. Results: A total of 373 strains of bacteria and 47 seeds were isolated. The main gram-negative bacteria (92.8%). The top 10 were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter, Serratia, Micrococcus, Klebsiella, Proteus, Geobacillus, polygenic bacteria. Drug susceptibility analysis: The top three of the 14 antibiotic susceptibility to Gram-negative bacteria were ceftazidime, amikacin and ciprofloxacin. The resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ceftazidime, amikacin and ciprofloxacin were 5%, 16% and 20%, respectively. Enterobacter strains of amikacin, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin resistance rates were 2%, 11%, 15%. Escherichia coli ciprofloxacin resistance rate of 25%, compared with other drugs, the highest rate of resistance, it is worth further study. The lowest rate of Acinetobacter resistance is ceftazidime, Qing Dafu, kanamycin, piperacillin. Serratia spores cefoperazone, ceftazidime, gentamicin, kanamycin resistance rates were 6%, 13%, 13%, 15%. Ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains have not yet been found, but should be alert to the occurrence and development of resistant strains. The results suggest that the pathogens of lower respiratory tract infection in hospitalized patients are mainly G-bacteria, which is of clinical significance and effective selection of antibiotics.