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目的了解宁夏2014年中小学生肥胖超重流行特征,为该地区制定有效的预防儿童肥胖与超重措施提供科学依据。方法按照2014年宁夏中小学生体质与健康调研方案选择了7~17岁11 371名回、汉族儿童,利用中国肥胖工作组制定的BMI标准选择肥胖与超重儿童,分析性别、年龄、民族、城乡、地区超重肥胖率。结果 2014年宁夏7~17岁中、小学生超重与肥胖检出率分别为10.4%,5.2%;城男、乡男、城女、乡女超重检出率分别为16.1%,9.2%,8.8%,7.2%,肥胖检出率分别为8.8%,5.2%,4.6%,2.4%。10~12岁组超重、肥胖检出率分别为12.2%和6.4%,为各年龄段中最高;经济发展水平好和中等地区儿童的超重与肥胖率分别为10.9%,6.4%和10.8%,6.4%,高于经济发展差地区的8.8%,3.5%(χ2=30.14,P<0.01)。回族学生超重检出率为10.5%,肥胖检出率为4.8%;汉族学生超重检出率为10.4%,肥胖检出率为5.5%,回、汉族学生超重+肥胖检出率差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.03,P>0.05)。结论宁夏地区中小学生肥胖超重率表现出年龄、城乡、性别、地区的分布差异,需及时采取干预控制措施。
Objective To understand the prevalence of overweight and obesity in primary and secondary school students in Ningxia in 2014 and to provide a scientific basis for formulating effective measures for preventing obesity and overweight in children in this area. Methods A total of 11 371 children from the age of 7 to 17 were enrolled in this study. According to the physical and health survey program of primary and secondary school students in Ningxia in 2014, the children of obesity and overweight were selected according to the BMI standard set by China Obesity Working Group. Gender, age, ethnicity, Area overweight obesity rate. Results The detection rates of overweight and obesity among middle school and primary school students aged 7-17 in Ningxia in 2014 were 10.4% and 5.2%, respectively. The prevalence of overweight in urban boys, rural men, urban women and rural women was 16.1%, 9.2% and 8.8% , 7.2% and obesity rates were 8.8%, 5.2%, 4.6% and 2.4% respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in 10-12 age group was 12.2% and 6.4%, respectively, which was the highest among all age groups. The rates of overweight and obesity were 10.9%, 6.4% and 10.8% respectively in children with good economic development and in middle areas, 6.4%, higher than 8.8% and 3.5% of those with poor economic development (χ2 = 30.14, P <0.01). The detection rate of overweight in Hui students was 10.5%, the detection rate of obesity was 4.8%, the detection rate of overweight in Han students was 10.4%, the detection rate of obesity was 5.5%, and there was no significant difference in the detection rate of overweight and obesity between Hui and Han students Significance (χ2 = 3.03, P> 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of overweight and obesity in primary and secondary school students in Ningxia shows the differences in age, urban and rural areas, gender and geographical distribution. It is necessary to take timely intervention and control measures.