公文是应实际工作、学习的需要而生,为解决现实问题而作,有具体而切实的功能和目的的一类文体,其实用性特点十分突出。因而这类文体的写作先天地同社会环境之间具有密不可分的关系。写作的大环境,包括政治、经济、文化、法律,甚至宗教、民俗等一系列的社会因素,写作的小环境,包括具体写作的目的功能、时事背景等,这些都不同程度地制约和 The official document is a kind of style that should be actually worked and learned from the needs of the study. To solve practical problems, they have concrete and practical functions and purposes. Their utility features are very prominent. Therefore, the writing style of these genres is inherently inseparable from the social environment. The environment of writing includes a series of social factors such as politics, economy, culture, law and even religion and folklore, the small environment of writing, including the purpose and function of specific writing and current affairs background, all of which restrict and