自唐末五代至北宋仁宗年间,中国政治舞台经历了一个由武人专政转向恢复文官体制、重建士大夫政治传统的嬗变过程。随着士大夫自我意识的重新崛起,传统政治中的朋党现象也日渐发展,并产生若干新特点,影响了宋代政治走向。朋党成为宋代政治突出现象从宋仁宗时期起,官僚集团中的朋党之争日益盛行。朋党问题虽不始于宋代,却是宋代政治 From the late Tang and the Five Dynasties to the Reign of Renzong in the Northern Song Dynasty, the Chinese political arena has undergone a transformation from a dictatorship of the armed forces to a system of restoring the civil service and rebuilding the political tradition of the literati. With the re-emergence of the self-awareness of the scholar-officials, the phenomenon of cronyism in traditional politics is also growing day by day and has produced several new features that have influenced the political trend in the Song Dynasty. The crony became the prominent phenomenon of politics in the Song Dynasty From the time of the Song Renzong period, the wars between the cronies in the bureaucracy became more and more prevalent. Although the problem of cronyism does not begin with the Song Dynasty, it is politics of the Song Dynasty