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修筑大坝,通常需要修建临时的导流建筑物,以保护大坝施工,防止或减少大坝建成前洪水造成的损失。导流洪水标准及导流方案的选择,要兼顾安全和经济两方面的要求。 长期以来,设计临时性导流建筑物所采用的洪水标准,常仅在规范规定的幅度内分析确定。既没有明确导流建筑物在使用期内所冒的风险,又没有确切考虑一旦导流建筑物失事所造成的损失。本文用决策分析的原理,根据导流建筑物在使用期内所冒的风险及其相应的损失期望值,阐明确定导流洪水标准的方法。
The construction of dams usually requires the construction of temporary diversion structures to protect the construction of dams and to prevent or reduce the losses caused by floods prior to the completion of the dam. Diversion flood standards and diversion options, should take into account both safety and economic requirements. For a long time, the flood standards used to design temporary diversion structures were often only analyzed and determined within the range specified in the code. Neither did it identify the risks of diversion structures during their service life, nor did they take into account exactly the losses caused by the failure of diversion structures. In this paper, the principle of decision analysis, according to the diversion of buildings in the use of the risk and the corresponding losses expected value, to clarify the method of determining the diversion flood standards.