玉米病害、产量和品质的形成是品种遗传特性和环境因素共同作用的结果。以19个玉米品种为材料,分析了不同基因型玉米在不同区域的病害、产量、粗蛋白、粗淀粉、粗脂肪、赖氨酸差异。结果表明:19个玉米品质的稳定性既由基因型控制也受环境互作效应影响。基因型起内因作用;互作作用中玉米种植及生长的时间(播期与生育期等)×区域特征(资源与逆境等)是不同生态区病害、产量、品质差异的主要外因;独立作用中年度间的气候变化对玉米不同生态区病害、产量、品质影响较大,其中气象条件中温度适宜程度、降雨量、湿度与病害(弯孢叶斑病与南方锈病)的发生发展呈正相关,产量与日照呈正相关且系数较大(为0.21),粗淀粉与日均温呈正相关,粗脂肪与日照呈正相关;不同生态区随着纬度的降低,吐丝后的降雨量增加,玉米病害加重,产量降低。 The formation of maize disease, yield and quality is the result of the interaction between genetic characteristics of the breed and environmental factors. Nineteen maize varieties were used as materials to analyze the differences of disease, yield, crude protein, crude starch, crude fat and lysine in different genotypes of maize in different regions. The results showed that the stability of 19 maize quality was affected by both genotype control and environmental interaction effects. Genotypes play an intrinsic role in the interaction; the time for planting and growing maize (sowing date and growth period) × regional characteristics (resources and adversity) are the main exogenous factors of disease, yield and quality differences in different ecological zones; The annual climate change had a great impact on the disease, yield and quality of maize in different ecological zones. Among them, temperature suitability, rainfall, humidity and disease (Curvularia leaf spot disease and southern rust disease) were positively correlated with the occurrence and development of yield, (P <0.01). There was a positive correlation between crude starch and daily average temperature, and positive correlation between crude fat and sunshine. With the decrease of latitude and the increase of rainfall after silking in different ecological regions, the disease of maize increased, Yield decreases.