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目的了解潍坊市农村生活饮用水(分散式浅井水)水质卫生状况,为农村改水及“村村通自来水”工程建设提供依据。方法按照每个县(市、区)每年抽查1个乡镇,每个乡镇抽查2～3个村,每个村抽查1个水源的方式,2006-2009年共采集水样168份。对每份水样检测感官性状和一般化学指标13项,毒理学指标3项,微生物学指标2项。结果农村生活饮用水西南部山区超标率39.6%、中部平原48.8%、北部沿海55.6%,总超标率为47.6%。168份水样中硝酸盐氮超标率27.9%,溶解性总固体超标率23.8%,细菌总数超标率41.7%,个别地区氟化物超标。结论本市目前农村生活饮用水(分散式浅井水)水质总合格率较低,以生活垃圾污染和人畜粪便污染较重,急需建设集中式供水工程以改善水质状况。
Objective To understand the sanitary status of rural drinking water (decentralized shallow water) in Weifang City and provide the basis for water diversion and water supply in every village in Weifang City. Methods According to each county (city, district), one township was spot-checked every year, 2 ~ 3 villages were randomly selected in each township, and one water source was sampled in each village. A total of 168 water samples were collected in 2006-2009. Thirteen items of sensory traits and general chemical indicators, three toxicological indicators and two microbiological indicators were tested for each water sample. Results The over-standard rate of mountainous areas in rural drinking water was 39.6% in the southwest, 48.8% in the central plains and 55.6% in the northern coastal areas, with the total exceeding standard rate of 47.6%. 168 samples of nitrate nitrogen exceeded the rate of 27.9%, 23.8% of the total dissolved solids exceeded the total number of bacteria exceeding the standard rate of 41.7% fluoride in some areas exceeded. Conclusion At present, the overall qualified rate of drinking water (decentralized shallow water) in rural areas is relatively low, with the pollution of domestic garbage and the heavy pollution of human and livestock excrement. Therefore, the centralized water supply project is urgently needed to improve the water quality.