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隧道围岩大变形主要发生于低级变质岩、沉积岩、断层破碎带及煤系地层等低强度围岩中,一般具有变形量大、径向变形显著及危害巨大等特点,19世纪中叶就已经出现并引起人们的关注。据悉,国内有宝中铁路大寨岭隧道、青藏铁路关角隧道、南昆铁路家竹箐隧道及宝兰复线乌鞘岭隧道、宜万线堡镇隧道等铁路隧道,凉风垭隧道、华蓥山隧道、国道212线木寨岭隧道等公路隧道,都曾经发生过围岩或初期支护大变形,每次造成的损失少则数十万元多则上百万元并且由于返工严重影响工期。本文通过对广梧路茶林顶隧道大变形这一实例,对围岩以及初支变形的原因、处理以及预防措施等作一些简要介绍,希望能为类似工程的预防及处理施工提供一些参考。
Large deformation of the surrounding rock of tunnel mainly occurs in low-intensity surrounding rock, such as low-grade metamorphic rocks, sedimentary rocks, fault-broken belts and coal strata, and generally has the characteristics of large amount of deformation, significant radial deformation and great damage, and has appeared in mid-19th century And cause people’s attention. It is reported that there are Baoshaling Tunnel in Baozhong Railway, Guanjiao Tunnel in Qinghai-Tibet Railway, Zhujiao Tunnel in Nankun Railway and Wushaoling Tunnel in Baolan Double-Track Railway, Tunnels in Tunnels in Waibaobao Town, Liangjingya Tunnel, Dangshan tunnel, 212 State Road Muzhailing tunnel tunnel tunnels, have occurred in the surrounding rock or initial support large deformation, each caused by the loss of as much as hundreds of thousands of dollars and millions of dollars and the serious impact of rework Duration. This article gives a brief introduction of the large deformation of the Chalingding Tunnel on Guangwu Road, gives some brief introduction to the reasons for the surrounding rock and the initial branch deformation, the treatment and preventive measures. It is hoped that it can provide some references for the prevention and treatment of similar projects.