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目的探讨影响脑卒中患者3个月预后的相关危险因素。方法以首发脑卒中住院的急性患者为研究对象,记录其人口特征,脑卒中危险因素,最初脑卒中严重性如眼球运动障碍、失语、吞咽困难、尿失禁(UI)、格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS),神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS),日常生活能力评分(BI)及脑卒中类型;3月后随访其功能康复情况:牛津残障评分(OHS),并分析影响脑卒中预后的相关危险因素。结果Logistic回归分析发现:GCS,UI 和NIHSS独立地与脑卒中后3个月预后不良显著相关。结论脑卒中急性期尿失禁、GCS评分高及神经功能缺损严重是脑卒中后3个月死亡或严重残疾的独立预测指标。
Objective To explore the related risk factors that affect the prognosis of patients with stroke at 3 months. Methods Acute patients hospitalized with stroke were enrolled in this study. Their demographic characteristics, stroke risk factors, initial stroke severity such as dyskinesia, aphasia, difficulty swallowing, urinary incontinence (UI), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) (NIHSS), daily living ability score (BI) and stroke type were collected. After 3 months, the patients were followed up for functional rehabilitation (OHS), and the related risk factors influencing the prognosis of stroke were analyzed. Results Logistic regression analysis showed that GCS, UI and NIHSS were independently associated with poor prognosis at 3 months after stroke. Conclusions In the acute phase of stroke, urinary incontinence, high GCS score and severe neurological deficit are independent predictors of death or serious disability at 3 months after stroke.