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目的以血清25-(OH)D为检测指标,了解不同季节、不同居住环境孕妇及其新生儿的维生素D营养状况及母婴血清维生素D的相关性。方法选取冬季(2010年12月-2011年2月)和夏季(2011年6月-2011年8月)在河北北方学院附属第二医院妇产科正常分娩的孕妇及其新生儿为研究对象。72对孕妇及其新生儿为冬季组,40对孕妇及其新生儿为夏季组。孕妇于分娩前采集静脉血,新生儿于娩出后采集脐血,分离血清。酶联免疫法测定血清25-(OH)D水平。维生素D营养状况采用三分法:1)维生素D缺乏:25-(OH)D<50nmol/L;2)维生素D不足:50nmol/L≤25-(OH)D<75nmol/L;3)维生素D充足:25-(OH)D≥75nmol/L。结果 1)冬季和夏季孕妇血清25-(OH)D水平分别为(19.48±7.04)nmol/L和(53.15±17.50)nmol/L,冬季显著低于夏季;对应的新生儿脐血25-(OH)D水平分别为(19.95±6.79)nmol/L和(47.39±15.31)nmol/L,冬季显著低于夏季。2)冬季孕妇25-(OH)D水平为9.19～36.99nmol/L,新生儿25-(OH)D水平为7.78～37.36nmol/L,冬季孕妇及新生儿维生素D缺乏率为100%。夏季孕妇25-(OH)D水平为26.72～103.90nmol/L,新生儿25-(OH)D水平为20.76～79.91nmol/L,夏季孕妇和新生儿维生素D缺乏率分别为47.5%和62.5%。3)孕妇与新生儿25-(OH)D水平具有显著正相关(r=0.902)。4)冬季组孕妇及其新生儿25-(OH)D水平无城乡之间的差异;夏季组孕妇及其新生儿25-(OH)D水平存在城乡之间的差异,农村孕妇及其新生儿25-(OH)D水平高于城市。结论孕妇及其新生儿25-(OH)D水平存在明显的季节差异。冬季孕妇及其新生儿普遍维生素D缺乏,即使夏季孕妇及其新生儿维生素D缺乏比率也较高。
Objective To detect the serum 25- (OH) D as a detection index to understand the nutritional status of pregnant women and their newborns in different seasons and different living conditions and the correlation between maternal and infant serum vitamin D. Methods Pregnant women and their newborns with normal delivery in obstetrics and gynecology department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University were selected as winter (December 2010-February 2011) and summer (June 2011-August 2011). 72 pairs of pregnant women and their newborn winter group, 40 pairs of pregnant women and their newborn summer group. Pregnant women to collect venous blood before delivery, neonatal cord blood collected after delivery, serum separation. Serum 25- (OH) D levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Nutritional status of vitamin D using trichotomy: 1) vitamin D deficiency: 25- (OH) D <50nmol / L; 2) vitamin D deficiency: 50nmol / L≤25- (OH) D <75nmol / L; D Adequate: 25- (OH) D ≧ 75nmol / L. Results The serum levels of 25- (OH) D in pregnant women were (19.48 ± 7.04) nmol / L and (53.15 ± 17.50) nmol / L respectively in winter and summer, significantly lower in winter than in summer OH) D levels were (19.95 ± 6.79) nmol / L and (47.39 ± 15.31) nmol / L respectively, significantly lower in winter than in summer. 2) The level of 25- (OH) D in pregnant women was 9.19-36.99nmol / L in winter and the level of 25- (OH) D in newborns was 7.78-37.36nmol / L in winter. The rate of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and newborns in winter was 100%. The level of 25- (OH) D in pregnant women in summer was 26.72-103.90nmol / L, the level of 25- (OH) D in newborns was 20.76-79.91nmol / L, the rate of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and newborns in summer was 47.5% and 62.5% . 3) There was a significant positive correlation between pregnant women and neonatal 25- (OH) D levels (r = 0.902). 4) There was no difference between urban and rural areas in the level of 25- (OH) D in pregnant women and their newborns in winter group. There was a difference between urban and rural areas in the level of 25- (OH) D in pregnant women and their newborns in summer and rural pregnant women and their newborns 25- (OH) D levels are higher than in cities. Conclusion There are obvious seasonal differences in the level of 25- (OH) D in pregnant women and their newborns. Pregnancy women and their newborns in winter are generally deficient in vitamin D, even though the rate of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and their newborns is high in summer.