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“万物一体”和“爱有差等”是儒家伦理中的两条基本原则。“万物一体”是儒家理想中最高的道德境界,是仁人的德性表征;“爱有差等”则是仁人的“万物一体之仁”在具体道德情境中的必然表现,是儒家“万物一体”思想区别于道家、佛家的标志。从二者关系来看,前者优先于后者,只有达到“万物一体”境界的人才能合适地做到“爱有差等”。儒家伦理的德性论特征和这两条原则之间的关系为我们提供了一条超越人类中心主义和非人类中心主义之争,整合当代生态伦理学诸种理论的重要途径。
“All things ” and “love is poor ” is the two basic principles of Confucian ethics. “Everything is one ” is the highest ethical realm of Confucian ideal, is the moral character of benevolence; “love is poor ” is the benevolent “the benevolence of all things ” in the concrete moral situation The inevitable manifestation is the symbol of Confucianism “everything in one ” different from that of Taoism and Buddhism. From the perspective of the relationship between the two, the former takes precedence over the latter, and only those who reach the state of “all things one” can properly achieve “love with difference”. The ethical nature of Confucian ethics and the relationship between these two principles provide us with an important way to transcend anthropocentrism and non-anthropocentrism and to integrate contemporary theories of ecological ethics.